From December 2-4, 2025, the annual Combined Space Operations (CSpO) Initiative Principals’ Board convened in Toulouse, France. Gathered at the newly inaugurated French Space Command Headquarters, senior space officials from the ten CSpO Initiative nations met to continue building interoperable, agile and resilient architectures, and to reaffirm their determination to protect and defend against intensifying space threats. 

Representatives from the ten CSpO Initiative nations shared their concerns regarding the threat posed by increasingly irresponsible and hostile behaviours from some countries. These actions undermine the stability of the space domain on which our societies rely for economic prosperity and national security. Further, such actions can create confusion -- jeopardising the safety and security of the space environment -- which could lead to escalation due to miscalculation, in space and on Earth. 

Facing such challenges, the Principals reiterated their commitment to international law. They restated their roles as responsible actors in preventing conflict, ensuring a stable and viable domain, and opposing activities that threaten operations in, from, to, and through space. 

The CSpO Initiative nations will not stand by in the face of increasing space threats. Senior leaders remain committed to improving cooperation, coordination, and information sharing; to building a greater shared understanding of space threats; and to strengthening interoperability to enhance resilience at every level.