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Safe working in confined spaces


Part one to this article was published in Seaworthy, Navy News on December 4, 2003

Seaworthy Quicklinks

BZ Locker


How to prepare for confined space operations?

Confined space operations must be subjected to the same analysis as any other work practice where a risk to employees has been identified.

A hazard assessment and risk assessment should be completed. Having identified a confined space as a hazard, the first objective should be to eliminate the hazard by effecting changes to either the equipment or work practices that removes the need for personnel to enter the space.

Where this is not possible, risk minimisation action should be attempted. Risk minimisation strategies could include increasing the size of the entry and exit points into the confined space and ensuring improvements to airflow, lighting etc.

The isolation of other potential hazards (electrical, hydraulic, chemical etc) should be implemented to reduce their risk.

This could include using correct lockout/tag-out controls and processes.

If elimination and minimisation activities prove ineffective and an identified risk remains, efforts must then be directed at risk minimisation through the use of appropriate safety equipment coupled with documented work practices that cover the entire confined space activity plan.

These processes should cover the original work required and rescue and retrieval procedures.

Should the need for rescue occur, a wellprepared and rehearsed retrieval operation must be available for immediate implementation.


What equipment do I need?

Access to the confined space requires the correct equipment and work practice, usually achieved by the use of correctly matched equipment forming a confined space ‘kit’.

This would generally comprise:

  • A suitable anchorage point outside the confined space, such as a tripod or davit system;
  • A self-retracting fall-arrest device to arrest any free falls on descent or ascent;
  • A rope-positioning device or retrieval winch for work positioning and suspension as well as rescue and retrieval; .
  • A full-body confined space height safety harness with rescue straps in a spreader bar.

    Critical to the use of this equipment is confined space training and personnel certification, together with documented work practices that include rescue and retrieval plans.


What supporting equipment do I need?

The need for additional equipment for confined space entry activities will depend on the findings of the risk assessment.

  • Include some or all of the following:
  • Oxygen analysis equipment;
  • Gas analysis equipment;
  • Oxygen and gas analysis may require the use of respiratory equipment;
  • Communication equipment.

    Remember safety is your responsibility – work safe, play safe.

Website: http://mhq.defence.gov.au/emu/index

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Be aware of zinc chromate

Sailors of all categories need to be aware of the health implications associated with zinc chromate if found during maintenance.

Zinc chromate dust has the potential to cause short-term health effects such as skin irritations, rashes, ulcers and irritation of the eyes, nose and throat.

The NOHSC (National Occupational & Safety Commission) determined there is sufficient evidence to establish a casual association between human exposure to these substances and the development of cancer.

Zinc chromate as a dry film is inert and presents no risk if it stays that way.

It’s only when it is disturbed by sanding, grinding and welding activities that it presents a health risk.

Before maintenance work of a compartment or piece of machinery that could involve these operations, consider several small scratch tests of the area to possibly uncover the distinctive yellow paint.

If a patch of zinc chromate is discovered during the maintenance, all personnel should leave the immediate area and close the compartment down.

Warn all personnel in the immediate vicinity then inform the OOD of the potential contamination of the area.

Any work involving the potential for removing zinc chromate should be conducted in accordance with the Australian standard for removal of lead-based paints, since the methods of dealing with zinc chromate and leaded paints are the same.

For most jobs requiring small areas of zinc chromate to be removed, paint stripper
(used in accordance with its MSDS) will be effective without generating dust.

Ships are to have a paint register that indicates where zinc chromate is known to be, and areas where it is known not to be.

All other areas are to be tested for zinc chromate using test kits prior to any sanding, grinding and welding work that may generate paint dust or smoke.

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Incidents in the Fleet

POTENTIAL FOD

As a helicopter was landing onboard an LPA, it flew in the vicinity of an LCM8 stationed at the stern door.

The downwash from the rotors caused a set of load straps in the cargo bay of the LCM8 to slip, allowing three masonite building sheets to lift in an uncontrolled manner that resulted in a potential FOD hazard.

Ships’ staff have since rectified this deficiency through the amendment of the SOPs for flying stations and by enhanced briefings for LCM8 crews.

LINES CAN “BIGHT”

During a recent night evolution onboard an MFU, a sailor’s leg was caught in a bight of the line ressulted in the sailor being dragged to within four feet of the fairlead.

Three members of ship’s company attempted to prevent the sailor from been dragged closer when the order was given to cut the line.

Personnel conducting any evolution that involves the use of ropes need to be aware of where they are standing at all times and avoid stepping into bights.

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Safety put in the picture

Lately DNAVSAFE has had a few requests on its 1800 558 555 number for posters depicting safety in the Navy environment.

During last November, staff from DNAVSAFE, Navy Imaging Unit East, FIMA Sydney and ADI
(with the assistance of the ships’ companies from HMA ships Manoora, Kanimbla and Sydney), took a selection of photographs for a new series of safety posters.

A complete set of posters will soon be available displaying the top ten individual hazards throughout the fleet: RADHAZ, slip slop slap, ship doors, confined spaces, gangways, eye protection, galleys, manual handling, hearing protection and three points of contact.

Do you know an operational task conducted in Navy that is worthy of a safety poster?

Contact DNAVSAFE if you believe it should be included as a safety poster in the future.

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BZ Locker

The BZ locker is devoted to acknowledging the hard work going on in Fleet units and our shore establishments, in the safety arena. The inclusion in the BZ Locker is recognition of a job well done.

FIMA-Darwin
During maintenance onboard HMAS Bunbury, two sailors were removing old paint and corrosion with a Shimano and noticed yellow paint, the telltale signs of the presence of zinc chromate.

All maintenance activities were suspended and the OOD was informed. FIMA sailors followed the correct procedure prior to the commencement of maintenance work and again upon discovery of zinc chromate in the compartment.

HMAS Parramatta
Members identified that after recent configuration changes on ANZAC class ships, some RADHAZ keys could be utilised in more than one RADHAZ locking mechanism. By raising this issue via an OHSIR, it has been identified that this is a class-wide problem.

An alternate RADHAZ lock and key arrangement has been sourced to rectify this safety and security issue. RADHAZ incidents are on the rise, any idea why? Send your thoughts to DNAVSAFE.

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You’re kidding

Pictured is a worker flirting with death, drilling into a ceiling while standing on a ladder in a pool.
The hazards are obvious, so each edition of Seaworthy will devote space to some of the most unsafe acts caught on camera. If you have a photo that is worthy of publication on this page, please send them to DNAVSAFE, CP4-6- 032, Campbell Park, Canberra, ACT, 2600; or email: navy.safety@defence.gov.au

You're Kidding

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Your say...

If you or your unit has any safety-related articles for publication in future editions of Seaworthy, or have a safety issue you want raised, send them to:

LS Ben Porteous,
Campbell Park CP4-6-032,
or e-mail
benjamin.porteous@defence.gov.au

 

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