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Surgeon and General: A Life of Major-General Rupert Downes 1885-1945

Ian Howie-Willis

Surgeon and General cover

This book traces the life and career of Rupert Downes, a heroic figure in Australian military medical history.


He was a surgeon and eminent pioneering paediatrician but he was also a life-long professional soldier. He joined the army when he was 16, while still at school and spent most of the next 40 years in uniform.

Australia's youngest lieutenant-colonel at the beginning of World War One, Downes led a field ambulance to Gallipoli. After the evacuation from Gallipoli, he became the medical head of the Anzac Mounted Division and then the Desert Mounted Corps. As such he took part in the long campaign through Sinai, Palestine and Syria.

Post-war, Downes continued as part-time head of army medical services in Victoria until 1934, when he became Director General of Medical Services.

As full-time head of the Army Medical Corps, he ensured that Australia was medically prepared for World War Two. His great achievement was the construction of the great capital city military hospitals - Concorde, Daw Park, Greenslopes, Heidelberg and Hollywood. Events soon vindicated his foresight and determination.

He lost his position as DGMS in controversial circumstances in 1941 but continued serving conspicuously in other roles until his death on duty in a plane crash near Cairns in 1945.

Australian Military History Publications Program

The Army History Unit produces books and articles concerning Australian Army history.

AHU facilitates the production of authoritative studies into aspects of the Australian Army's history and its contribution to Australia's development through the Australian Military History Publications Program.

This program includes books published as part of the Australian Army History Series Collection (in partnership with Cambridge University Press) and the Australian Army History Collection (in partnership with Australian Military History Publications). Earlier programs have included partnerships with Allen & Unwin and Oxford University Press.

The program is, generally, divided into two themes - biographies and issues.

Information for authors

If you have or a working on a manuscript you feel may be suitable for publication under the Australian Military History Publications Program, please see: Information for authors

Australian Army Campaign Series

The Australian Army Campaigns Series Unit, published by the Army History Unit, is written for members of the Australian Army with a focus on leadership, command, strategy, tactics, lessons and personal experiences of war. Each book contains specially commissioned art, digital graphics and 3-dimensional maps from leading Australian military artists.

Australian Army Campaign Series